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246
Description: Quasi-arched rectangular shape; on a ground, an armorial achievement comprising a central cartouche on which is an oval shield bearing the arms of the Cavendish family, with graduated bead edging; supporters, two stags rampant; above the cartouche, on a wreath a coiled snake crest surmounted by an earl’s coronet; the date split either side of the crest; to each side, a column with foliate capital supporting a three-sided arch with ovolo-moulded edging, on each shoulder of which is a flaming orb.
Notes: The arms are those of William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire (1617-84). Sotheby's auction, The Chatsworth Attic Sale, 7 Oct 2010, lot 3 (£18,750).
Inscription: 1657
Arms: William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire
- Decoration tags:
- quasi-arched rectangular (shape)
- complex individual (edging)
- whole carved pattern
- individual numbers
- armorial
- text
Manufactured: in 1657 in England.
Current location:, not known.
- Attached to series:
- Personal armorial firebacks
- Cavendish arms series
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247
Description: A modified recasting of a variant of the ‘Armada’ fireback, with initials changed to IK, a single anchor panel, and the addition of a plain base and borders, the latter each with a twisted rope saltire, upper middle.
Notes: It is likely that an original four-panel fireback has been used to recast a copy with additional side and base panels; the saltires may have apotropaic significance. A second fireback at the house cast in the 19th century is identical but for being 1% smaller all round, and has a full-width extension on top bearing four symmetrical rope saltires, the outer two larger than the inner two. The first example was used to make the second.
Inscription: 1588 / IK
- Decoration tags:
- arched rectangular (shape)
- simulated rope (edging)
- simple stamps
- carved pattern panels
- composite
- extension panels
- apotropaic
- text
- plants
- objects
Manufactured: in the 17th century in the Weald area of England.
Current location: Chawton House, Chawton, Hampshire, England.
- Attached to series:
- Armada series
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34
Description: Arched rectangular shape; astragal and fillet edging (top and sides) with overlapping leaf pattern; floral cartouche with lion’s face at top, enclosing a shield bearing the arms of May (Gules, a fess between eight billets Or) quartering Broadnax (Or, two chevrons gules, on a chief of the last three cinquefoils Argent); at base a plain cuboid plinth.
Notes: Thomas Broadnax (1701-81), son of William Broadnax of Godmersham, Kent, and Anne May, heiress of Christopher May, inherited the estate of his cousin, Sir Thomas May, adopting his surname in 1727. He later changed his name to Knight on inheriting the estate of that family at Chawton in 1738.
Arms: May quartering Broadnax
- Decoration tags:
- arched rectangular (shape)
- astragal & fillet (edging)
- carved pattern panels
- armorial
Manufactured: in the early 18th century possibly in the Weald area of England.
Current location: Chawton House, Chawton, Hampshire, England.
- Attached to series:
- Personal armorial firebacks
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1148
Description: A composite recasting placing, on a plain background with symmetrical rope saltires, a recast variant of the ‘Armada’ fireback, with changed initials, a single anchor panel, and the addition of plain base and borders, the latter each with a twisted rope saltire, upper middle.
Notes: It is likely that an original four-panel fireback was used to cast an early copy with additional side and base panels. In the 19th century this second fireback was used to cast this third fireback with an additional full-width extension on top bearing four symmetrical rope saltires, the outer two larger than the inner two. The image of this fireback has been reconstructed by computer, combining photographs of the two fragments into which it had been broken.
Inscription: 1588 / IK
- Decoration tags:
- rectangular (shape)
- none (edging)
- simple stamps
- carved pattern panels
- composite
- apotropaic
- text
- plants
- objects
Manufactured: in the early to mid 19th century in England.
Current location: Chawton House, Chawton, Hampshire, England.
- Attached to series:
- Armada series
- Composite firebacks
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1032
Description: Arched rectangular shaped central panel with solid and hollow bead on fillet edging, grouped alternately in threes and twos respectively, on a wide fillet; on a Tuscan pedestal rising from waves, a narrow waisted, gadrooned flower vase with two scrolled handles and a horizontal banded decoration from which issue tendrils bearing flowers, berries and seed pods; arched rectangular shaped border with fillet edging, wide at the sides, symmetrical floral fronds descending from a scallop shell, top centre, with a scallop shell inside each shoulder; at base, date split between two looped 'W' figures; on top, symmetrical scrolled plant tendrils descending from a central scallop shell.
Notes: The third largest of five flower vase firebacks designed and made in the same year, larger ones of which include a religious inscription in Welsh. All incorporate the looped 'W' motif which may be intended to identify the pattern maker. Cheffins auction, Cambridge, 13 Jun 2018, lot 738 (£240).
Copies of this fireback are known.
Inscription: 17 24
Manufactured: in 1724 in England.
Current location: in private hands, not known.
- Attached to series:
- 1724 series
- British 'Dutch' style firebacks
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248
Description: Arched rectangular shape; astragal and fillet edging; shield, motto, earl’s coronet and supporters (a talbot erm. and a wolf or, ducally crowned gu.) of Stanhope impaling Pitt: quarterly (1st & 4th) erm. (2nd & 3rd) gu. (Stanhope); sa., a fess chequy az. and ar. between three bezants (Pitt); motto: A DEO ET REGE.
Notes: James Stanhope was created 1st Earl in 1718; he had married Lucy Pitt in 1714. The Stanhope seat was Chevening, near Sevenoaks.
Inscription: A DEO ET REGE
Arms: Stanhope impaling Pitt; James, Ist Earl Stanhope
- Decoration tags:
- arched rectangular (shape)
- astragal & fillet (edging)
- carved pattern panels
- armorial
- text
Manufactured: in the early 18th century in England.
Current location: Chevening Park, Chevening, Kent, England.
- Attached to series:
- Personal armorial firebacks
- Stanhope series
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249
Description: Arched rectangular shape; astragal and fillet edging; shield, motto, earl’s coronet and supporters (a talbot erm. and a wolf or, ducally crowned gu.) of Stanhope impaling Pitt: quarterly (1st & 4th) erm. (2nd & 3rd) gu. (Stanhope); sa., a fess chequy az. and ar. between three bezants (Pitt); motto: A DEO ET REGE.
Notes: James Stanhope was created 1st Earl in 1718; he had married Lucy Pitt in 1714. The Stanhope seat was Chevening, near Sevenoaks.
Inscription: A DEO ET REGE
Arms: Stanhope impaling Pitt; James, 1st Earl Stanhope
- Decoration tags:
- arched rectangular (shape)
- astragal & fillet (edging)
- carved pattern panels
- armorial
Manufactured: in the early 18th century in England.
Current location: Chevening Park, Chevening, Kent, England.
- Attached to series:
- Personal armorial firebacks
- Stanhope series
-
250
Description: Arched rectangular shape; astragal and fillet edging; shield, motto, earl’s coronet and supporters (a talbot erm. and a wolf or, ducally crowned gu.) of Stanhope impaling Pitt: quarterly (1st & 4th) erm. (2nd & 3rd) gu. (Stanhope); sa., a fess chequy az. and ar. between three bezants (Pitt); motto: A DEO ET REGE.
Notes: James Stanhope was created 1st Earl in 1718; he had married Lucy Pitt in 1714. The Stanhope seat was Chevening, near Sevenoaks.
Inscription: A DEO ET REGE
Arms: Stanhope impaling Pitt; James, 1st Earl Stanhope
- Decoration tags:
- arched rectangular (shape)
- astragal & fillet (edging)
- carved pattern panels
- armorial
- text
Manufactured: in the early 18th century in England.
Current location: Chevening Park, Chevening, Kent, England.
- Attached to series:
- Personal armorial firebacks
- Stanhope series
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255
Description: Rectangular; twisted rope edging (top and sides); along upper half of plate, date split with initials in between.
Notes: The initials are likely of William Yalden (d.1674), an ironmaster who was active in north-west Sussex and south-west Surrey where this and other similar firebacks have been noted.
Inscription: 16 WY 68
- Decoration tags:
- rectangular (shape)
- rope (edging)
- individual letters
- individual numbers
- text
Manufactured: in 1668 in the Weald area of England.
Current location: Ramster, Chiddingfold, Surrey, England.
- Attached to series:
- William Yalden series
- Date & initials firebacks
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260
Description: Quasi-arched rectangular shape, with 5-facetted arch; cyma recta moulded edge; oval Tudor royal shield on a cartouche surrounded by a garter, a crown above separating the initials, ER, all on a larger cartouche; on either side a circular Tudor royal shield within a garter, with a crown above each.
Notes: The word ‘PENSE’ in the garter mottoes is differently spelled on the central stamp — ‘PENCE’ - and the outer stamps — ‘PANSE’ (where the ‘N’ is reversed). The outer stamp has been noted on three firebacks dated 1589. Three horizontal planklines on central cartouche.
Copies of this fireback are known.
Inscription: ER [and Garter mottoes]
Arms: Tudor royal
- Decoration tags:
- quasi-arched rectangular (shape)
- cyma recta (edging)
- carved stamps
- carved pattern panels
- planklines
- armorial
- royal
- text
Manufactured: in the late 16th century in the Weald area of England.
Current location: in private hands, Chiddingstone, Kent, England.
- Attached to series:
- 1589 series
- Tudor royal armorial firebacks